Publications

@article{magdalena2026topological,

title = {Topological Stabilizer Models on Continuous Variables},

author = { Julio C Magdalena de la Fuente and Tyler D Ellison and Meng Cheng and Dominic J Williamson},

year  = {2026},

date = {2026-01-01},

journal = {Physical Review X},

volume = {16},

number = {1},

pages = {011054},

publisher = {American Physical Society},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{jones2026quantum,

title = {Quantum cellular automata and categorical dualities of spin chains},

author = { Corey Jones and Kylan Schatz and Dominic J Williamson},

year  = {2026},

date = {2026-01-01},

journal = {Communications in Mathematical Physics},

volume = {407},

number = {4},

pages = {66},

publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg Berlin/Heidelberg},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{williamson2026fast,

title = {Fast magic state preparation by gauging higher-form transversal gates in parallel},

author = { Dominic J Williamson},

year  = {2026},

date = {2026-01-01},

journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2601.22939},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{sahay2026matching,

title = {A matching decoder for bivariate bicycle codes},

author = { Kaavya Sahay and Dominic J Williamson and Benjamin J Brown},

year  = {2026},

date = {2026-01-01},

journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2602.22770},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{center2026benchmark,

title = {A benchmark of expert-level academic questions to assess AI capabilities},

author = { Center for AI Safety, and Scale AI, and HLE Contributors Consortium,},

year  = {2026},

date = {2026-01-01},

urldate = {2026-01-01},

journal = {Nature},

volume = {649},

number = {8099},

pages = {1139–1146},

publisher = {Nature Publishing Group UK},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{yuan2026quantum,

title = {Quantum Weight Reduction with Layer Codes},

author = { Andrew C Yuan and Nouédyn Baspin and Dominic J Williamson},

year  = {2026},

date = {2026-01-01},

journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2603.04883},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{hetenyi2026constant,

title = {Constant depth magic state cultivation with Clifford measurements by gauging},

author = { Bence Hetényi and Benjamin J Brown and Dominic Williamson},

year  = {2026},

date = {2026-01-01},

urldate = {2026-01-01},

journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2603.05429},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{yuan2026parsimonious,

title = {Parsimonious Quantum Low-Density Parity-Check Code Surgery},

author = { Andrew C Yuan and Alexander Cowtan and Zhiyang He and Ting-Chun Lin and Dominic J Williamson},

year  = {2026},

date = {2026-01-01},

journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2603.05082},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Berkman2025,

title = {Long optical and electron spin coherence times for erbium ions in silicon},

author = {Ian R. Berkman and Alexey Lyasota and Gabriele G. Boo and J. G. Bartholomew and Shao Qi Lim and Brett C. Johnson and Jeffrey C. McCallum and Bin-Bin Xu and Shouyi Xie and Nikolay V. Abrosimov and Hans-Joachim Pohl and Rose L. Ahlefeldt and Matthew J. Sellars and Chunming Yin and Sven Rogge},

url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/2307.10021 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41534-025-01008-x},

doi = {10.1038/s41534-025-01008-x},

issn = {2056-6387},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-04-01},

journal = {npj Quantum Information},

volume = {11},

number = {1},

pages = {66},

publisher = {Springer US},

abstract = {Spins in silicon that are accessible via a telecom-compatible optical transition are a versatile platform for quantum information processing that can leverage the well-established silicon nanofabrication industry. Key to these applications are long coherence times on the optical and spin transitions to provide a robust system for interfacing photonic and spin qubits. Here, we report telecom-compatible Er3+ sites with long optical and electron spin coherence times, measured within a nuclear spin-free silicon crystal (<0.01% 29Si) using optical detection. We investigate two sites and find 0.1 GHz optical inhomogeneous linewidths and homogeneous linewidths below 70 kHz for both sites. We measure the electron spin coherence time of both sites using optically detected magnetic resonance and observe Hahn echo decay constants of 0.8 ms and 1.2 ms at around 11 mT. These optical and spin properties of Er3+:Si are an important milestone towards using optically accessible spins in silicon for a broad range of quantum information processing applications.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{lootens2025low,

title = {Low-depth unitary quantum circuits for dualities in one-dimensional quantum lattice models},

author = { Laurens Lootens and Clement Delcamp and Dominic Williamson and Frank Verstraete},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Physical Review Letters},

volume = {134},

number = {13},

pages = {130403},

publisher = {American Physical Society},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{hart2025playing,

title = {Playing nonlocal games across a topological phase transition on a quantum computer},

author = { Oliver Hart and David T Stephen and Dominic J Williamson and Michael Foss-Feig and Rahul Nandkishore},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Physical Review Letters},

volume = {134},

number = {13},

pages = {130602},

publisher = {American Physical Society},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{hsin2025subsystem,

title = {Subsystem symmetry fractionalization and foliated field theory},

author = { Po-Shen Hsin and David Stephen and Arpit Dua and Dominic Williamson},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {SciPost Physics},

volume = {18},

number = {5},

pages = {147},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{english2025thresholds,

title = {Thresholds for postselected quantum error correction from statistical mechanics},

author = { Lucas H English and Dominic J Williamson and Stephen D Bartlett},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Physical Review Letters},

volume = {135},

number = {12},

pages = {120603},

publisher = {American Physical Society},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ren2025efficient,

title = {Efficient preparation of solvable anyons with adaptive quantum circuits},

author = { Yuanjie Ren and Nathanan Tantivasadakarn and Dominic J Williamson},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Physical Review X},

volume = {15},

number = {3},

pages = {031060},

publisher = {American Physical Society},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{cowtan2025parallel,

title = {Parallel logical measurements via quantum code surgery},

author = { Alexander Cowtan and Zhiyang He and Dominic J Williamson and Theodore J Yoder},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2503.05003},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{he2025extractors,

title = {Extractors: QLDPC architectures for efficient Pauli-based computation},

author = { Zhiyang He and Alexander Cowtan and Dominic J Williamson and Theodore J Yoder},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2503.10390},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{davydova2025universal,

title = {Universal fault tolerant quantum computation in 2D without getting tied in knots},

author = { Margarita Davydova and Andreas Bauer and Julio C Magdalena de la Fuente and Mark Webster and Dominic J Williamson and Benjamin J Brown},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2503.15751},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{gorantla2025string,

title = {String membrane nets from higher-form gauging: An alternate route to p-string condensation},

author = { Pranay Gorantla and Abhinav Prem and Nathanan Tantivasadakarn and Dominic J Williamson},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Physical Review B},

volume = {112},

number = {12},

pages = {125124},

publisher = {American Physical Society},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{gorantla2025there,

title = {There and Back Again: A Gauging Nexus between Topological and Fracton Phases},

author = { Pranay Gorantla and Abhinav Prem and Nathanan Tantivasadakarn and Dominic J Williamson},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2509.19440},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{vancraeynest2025gauging,

title = {From gauging to duality in one-dimensional quantum lattice models},

author = { Bram Vancraeynest-De Cuiper and José Garre-Rubio and Frank Verstraete and Kevin Vervoort and Dominic J Williamson and Laurens Lootens},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {arXiv e-prints},

pages = {arXiv–2509},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{williamson2025dynamical,

title = {Dynamical quantum codes and logic gates on a lattice with sparse connectivity},

author = { Dominic J Williamson and Bence Hetényi},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.05225},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{williamson2025partial,

title = {Partial Self-Correction in Layer Codes},

author = { Dominic J Williamson},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.09218},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{cowtan2025fast,

title = {Fast and fault-tolerant logical measurements: Auxiliary hypergraphs and transversal surgery},

author = { Alexander Cowtan and Zhiyang He and Dominic J Williamson and Theodore J Yoder},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.14895},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{hart2025braiding,

title = {Braiding for the win: Harnessing braiding statistics in topological states to play quantum games},

author = { Oliver Hart and David T Stephen and Dominic J Williamson and Rahul Nandkishore},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Physical Review B},

volume = {112},

number = {16},

pages = {165132},

publisher = {American Physical Society},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{english2025ising,

title = {Ising on the donut: Regimes of topological quantum error correction from statistical mechanics},

author = { Lucas H English and Sam Roberts and Stephen D Bartlett and Andrew C Doherty and Dominic J Williamson},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2512.10399},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Wang2025,

title = {Nuclear Spins in a Solid Exceeding 10-Hour Coherence Times for Ultra-Long-Term Quantum Storage},

author = {Fudong Wang and Miaomiao Ren and Weiye Sun and Mucheng Guo and Matthew J. Sellars and Rose L. Ahlefeldt and J. G. Bartholomew and Juan Yao and Shuping Liu and Manjin Zhong},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1103/PRXQuantum.6.010302},

doi = {10.1103/PRXQuantum.6.010302},

issn = {26913399},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {PRX Quantum},

volume = {6},

number = {1},

pages = {1},

publisher = {American Physical Society},

abstract = {Long-term quantum storage for quantum communication applications will require optically accessible states with coherence times exceeding the desired storage time. Ground-state hyperfine levels in Eu3+:Y2SiO5 have previously shown coherence times as long as 6 h at 1.4 K when operated at a zero-first-order-Zeeman (ZEFOZ) point. Here, we have characterized the limiting decoherence mechanisms acting in this regime, which shows that the coherence time is limited by the presence of spin impurities. This dephasing effect has been suppressed by cooling the sample to 125 mK, resulting in an extension in the coherence time to over 13 h. In the absence of these impurities, the dominant source of dephasing is the field inhomogeneity of the ZEFOZ point arising from the spin inhomogeneous broadening. We have shown that coherence times over 18 h can be achieved by operating using a spectrally narrow subensemble selected from within the inhomogeneous line. The observed coherence time is longer than that of any other system suitable for an optical quantum memory. Furthermore, at a much higher temperature of 6 K, we have realized a 6-h coherence time, which has been obtainable using single-stage cryocoolers. These results imply advanced engineering feasibility in designing and operating future quantum information-storage devices for a wide range of applications, including in satellites.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{ElKass2025,

title = {Toward the Scalable Fabrication of Thin-Film Superconducting Parametric Amplifiers},

author = {A. El Kass and K. A. Fuguet Simoes and C. Chua and D. J. Reilly and K. Zuo and T. A. Ohki},

doi = {10.1109/TASC.2025.3591524},

issn = {15582515},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity},

volume = {35},

issue = {7},

publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.},

abstract = {Kinetic inductance travelling-wave parametric amplifiers (KTWPAs) are emerging as core components in many applications where wideband cryogenic radio frequency (RF) amplification at or near the quantum limit of added noise is critical. These thin film superconducting devices are unique in their ability to simultaneously provide large dynamic range and quantum-limited amplification of single photon to 100 000 s of photon signals. Despite the promising performance of co-planar NbTiN thin-film KTWPAs, the original promise of a “simple” single-layer metal fabrication has encountered roadblocks and their broader adoption has been hindered by low fabrication yield. In this work, we present a post-lithography correction technique that eliminates short-circuits, significantly improving yield and enabling reliable wafer-scale production. Using automated image acquisition, error analysis, and correction, we successfully fabricated operational KTWPAs on high-resistivity silicon, achieving >10 dB between 2–4 GHz. This approach paves the way for the scaling up manufacturing of KTWPAs, positioning them for widespread deployment in quantum technologies.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Bartee2025,

title = {Spin-qubit control with a milli-kelvin CMOS chip},

author = {Samuel K. Bartee and Will Gilbert and Kun Zuo and Kushal Das and Tuomo Tanttu and Chih Hwan Yang and Nard Dumoulin Stuyck and Sebastian J. Pauka and Rocky Y. Su and Wee Han Lim and Santiago Serrano and Christopher C. Escott and Fay E. Hudson and Kohei M. Itoh and Arne Laucht and Andrew S. Dzurak and David J. Reilly},

doi = {10.1038/s41586-025-09157-x},

issn = {14764687},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Nature},

volume = {643},

issue = {8071},

pages = {382-387},

publisher = {Nature Research},

abstract = {A key virtue of spin qubits is their sub-micron footprint, enabling a single silicon chip to host the millions of qubits required to execute useful quantum algorithms with error correction1, 2–3. However, with each physical qubit needing multiple control lines, a fundamental barrier to scale is the extreme density of connections that bridge quantum devices to their external control and readout hardware4, 5–6. A promising solution is to co-locate the control system proximal to the qubit platform at milli-kelvin temperatures, wired up by miniaturized interconnects7, 8, 9–10. Even so, heat and crosstalk from closely integrated control have the potential to degrade qubit performance, particularly for two-qubit entangling gates based on exchange coupling that are sensitive to electrical noise11,12. Here we benchmark silicon metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS)-style electron spin qubits controlled by heterogeneously integrated cryo-complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (cryo-CMOS) circuits with a power density sufficiently low to enable scale-up. Demonstrating that cryo-CMOS can efficiently perform universal logic operations for spin qubits, we go on to show that milli-kelvin control has little impact on the performance of single- and two-qubit gates. Given the complexity of our sub-kelvin CMOS platform, with about 100,000 transistors, these results open the prospect of scalable control based on the tight packaging of spin qubits with a ‘chiplet-style’ control architecture.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Moull2024,

title = {Spectroscopy, crystal-field, and transition intensity analyses of the C3v(O2-) centre in Er3+ doped CaF2 crystals},

author = {M. D. Moull and J. B. L. Martin and T. G. M. Newman and A. L. Jeffery and J. G. Bartholomew and J. -P. R. Wells and M. F. Reid},

url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2590147824000779},

doi = {10.1016/j.omx.2024.100365},

issn = {25901478},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-12-01},

journal = {Optical Materials: X},

volume = {24},

number = {September},

pages = {100365},

abstract = {Erbium ions in crystals show considerable promise for the technologies that will form the backbone of future networked quantum information technology. Despite advances in leveraging erbium's fibre-compatible infrared transition for classical and quantum applications, the transitions are, in general, not well understood. We present detailed absorption and laser site-selective spectroscopy of the C3v(O2−) centre in CaF2:Er3+ as an interesting erbium site case study. The 4I15/2Z1→4I13/2Y1 transition has a low-temperature inhomogeneous linewidth of 1 GHz with hyperfine structure observable from the 167Er isotope. A parametrized crystal-field Hamiltonian is fitted to 34 energy levels and the two ground state magnetic splitting factors. The wavefunctions are used to perform a transition intensity analysis and electric-dipole parameters are fitted to absorption oscillator strengths. Simulated spectra for the 4I11/2→4I15/2 and 4I13/2→4I15/2 inter-multiplet transitions are in excellent agreement with the experimentally measured spectra. The 4I13/2 excited state lifetime is 25.0 ms and the intensity calculation is in excellent agreement with this value.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Kolesnikow_2024,

title = {Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill State Preparation Using Periodic Driving},

author = {Xanda C. Kolesnikow and Raditya W. Bomantara and Andrew C. Doherty and Arne L. Grimsmo},

url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.132.130605},

doi = {10.1103/physrevlett.132.130605},

issn = {1079-7114},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-03-01},

journal = {Physical Review Letters},

volume = {132},

number = {13},

publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Kesselring_2024,

title = {Anyon Condensation and the Color Code},

author = {Markus S. Kesselring and Julio C. Magdalena Fuente and Felix Thomsen and Jens Eisert and Stephen D. Bartlett and Benjamin J. Brown},

url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PRXQuantum.5.010342},

doi = {10.1103/prxquantum.5.010342},

issn = {2691-3399},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-03-01},

journal = {PRX Quantum},

volume = {5},

number = {1},

publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Huang_2024,

title = {High-fidelity spin qubit operation and algorithmic initialization above 1 K},

author = {Jonathan Y. Huang and Rocky Y. Su and Wee Han Lim and MengKe Feng and Barnaby Straaten and Brandon Severin and Will Gilbert and Nard Dumoulin Stuyck and Tuomo Tanttu and Santiago Serrano and Jesus D. Cifuentes and Ingvild Hansen and Amanda E. Seedhouse and Ensar Vahapoglu and Ross C. C. Leon and Nikolay V. Abrosimov and Hans-Joachim Pohl and Michael L. W. Thewalt and Fay E. Hudson and Christopher C. Escott and Natalia Ares and Stephen D. Bartlett and Andrea Morello and Andre Saraiva and Arne Laucht and Andrew S. Dzurak and Chih Hwan Yang},

url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07160-2},

doi = {10.1038/s41586-024-07160-2},

issn = {1476-4687},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-03-01},

journal = {Nature},

volume = {627},

number = {8005},

pages = {772–777},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Shaw_2024,

title = {Stabilizer Subsystem Decompositions for Single- and Multimode Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill Codes},

author = {Mackenzie H. Shaw and Andrew C. Doherty and Arne L. Grimsmo},

url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PRXQuantum.5.010331},

doi = {10.1103/prxquantum.5.010331},

issn = {2691-3399},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-02-01},

journal = {PRX Quantum},

volume = {5},

number = {1},

publisher = {American Physical Society (APS)},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{roberts20243,

title = {3-fermion topological quantum computation},

author = { Sam Roberts and Dominic J Williamson},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {PRX Quantum},

volume = {5},

number = {1},

pages = {010315},

publisher = {American Physical Society},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{williamson2024low,

title = {Low-overhead fault-tolerant quantum computation by gauging logical operators},

author = { Dominic J Williamson and Theodore J Yoder},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2410.02213},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{baspin2024wire,

title = {Wire codes},

author = { Nouédyn Baspin and Dominic Williamson},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2410.10194},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{williamson2024layer,

title = {Layer Codes},

author = { Dominic J. Williamson and Nouédyn Baspin},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {Nature Communications},

volume = {15},

pages = {9528},

publisher = {Nature Portfolio},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{aitchison2024boundaries,

title = {Boundaries and defects in the cubic code},

author = {Cory T Aitchison and Daniel Bulmash and Arpit Dua and Andrew C Doherty and Dominic J Williamson},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {Physical Review B},

volume = {109},

number = {20},

pages = {205125},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Valahu2023,

title = {Direct observation of geometric-phase interference in dynamics around a conical intersection},

author = {C. H. Valahu and V. C. Olaya-Agudelo and R. J. MacDonell and T. Navickas and A. D. Rao and M. J. Millican and J. B. Pérez-Sánchez and J. Yuen-Zhou and M. J. Biercuk and C. Hempel and T. R. Tan and I. Kassal},

doi = {10.1038/s41557-023-01300-3},

issn = {1755-4349},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-11-00},

journal = {Nat. Chem.},

volume = {15},

number = {11},

pages = {1503–1508},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Webster_2023,

title = {Transversal diagonal logical operators for stabiliser codes},

author = {Mark A Webster and Armanda O Quintavalle and Stephen D Bartlett},

url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/acfc5f},

doi = {10.1088/1367-2630/acfc5f},

issn = {1367-2630},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-10-01},

journal = {New Journal of Physics},

volume = {25},

number = {10},

pages = {103018},

publisher = {IOP Publishing},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}